Labyrinth diseases refer to disorders that affect the inner ear, which is also known as the labyrinth. The inner ear contains the auditory and vestibular systems, which are responsible for hearing and balance, respectively. Some common labyrinth diseases include:
Meniere's disease: This is a disorder of the inner ear that causes episodes of vertigo (a sensation of spinning or dizziness), hearing loss, and tinnitus (ringing in the ears). It is thought to be caused by an excess of fluid in the inner ear, and it affects about 0.2% of the population.
Vestibular neuritis: This is a viral infection of the vestibular nerve, which is responsible for transmitting balance information from the inner ear to the brain. It causes severe vertigo and balance problems, and it is often accompanied by hearing loss.
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV): This is a condition that causes brief episodes of dizziness or vertigo when the head is moved in certain positions. It is caused by the displacement of small calcium crystals in the inner ear, and it affects about 2.4% of the population.
Acoustic neuroma: This is a noncancerous tumor that develops on the vestibular nerve or the auditory nerve, which are responsible for transmitting sound and balance information from the inner ear to the brain. It can cause hearing loss, dizziness, and balance problems.
Labyrinthitis: This is an inflammation of the inner ear that can cause vertigo, hearing loss, and balance problems. It can be caused by a viral infection or an allergic reaction.
Cochlear implant: This is a device that is surgically implanted in the inner ear to restore hearing in individuals with severe hearing loss. It can cause dizziness and balance problems in some people