They're pretty much equal ;P
I'll explain it with simple maths...
Against a target with 0 res, while you have 0 +%dmg and 0 -%res, increasing either of those value is equal.
A 1:1 ratio.
ex:
you have 100 base dmg
if you increase it by 10% you deal 110 dmg against a target with 0 res
if your target has minus 10 res, you also get the same increase, 110 final dmg
Simple, right?
Now, this 1:1 ratio is switching in favour of the value you have the least of against a target with 0 res.
ex:
you have 100 base dmg, your build already has +10% dmg and no -res.
so you deal 110 dmg against a target with 0 res
so now, what's best?
if you get another +10% dmg, you deal 120 dmg
but if you get -10res instead?
now you deal 110 * 1.1 = 121 dmg
Still simple, right?
Keep following, the logic translates in the following explanation...
You have 100 base dmg, and you already have le's say +30% dmg, so you deal 130 dmg
but now, your target has 95 res (sundered)
you already have 35+30+17= 82 light pen
so your target is at 13 res
So at this point, what's better?
Getting an extra -10 or +15?
With -10, your target is at 3res -> 130 * 0.97 = 126.1
With +15, your dmg is now 145 -> 145 * 0.87 = 126.15
Close enough, but +15 won, like in your case.
But what if we tale the same numbers but just change the initial value of +% dmg you had from 30 to 40?
With -10, your target is at 3res -> 140 * 0.97 = 135.8
With +15, your dmg is now 155 -> 155 * 0.87 = 134.85
Now the situation has reversed

Was it enough to help you understand?
It's all about balance!