Nearly all IF studies have shown positive results for weight loss, HOWEVER correlation does not imply causation. All of these studies are published based on calorie restricted diets, so you need to dig deeper into what actually happens when you do IF.
First, the ADF model for IF is garbage. This is the root of your question; can you restrict your body of calories for 24 hrs than ad-lib feast for the next day. You can, but you'll have significantly lower weight loss (http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/81/1/69.full)
1. Glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity - SI (in regard to insulin) improved in patients who fasted for 36 hours than ad lib feast within total caloric deficit that was prescribed for the week. Although this is true, their weight stayed relatively stable.
2. Cardiovascular effects in IF on humans - There is such limited literature that supports any claims BUT there is literature where they studied the effects of IF on lab rats that showed an increased protection against myocardial ischemia events in rats. Other studies that have been conducted used such a small test group that it really isn't worth mentioning.
3. Psychosocial impact - It sucks to IF, studies have shown that relapsing and failing diets all around are extremely high in populations that attempt IF. There are quiet a few studies that show the opposite being true and actually showing a decrease in binge eating and long term implications of IF having positive effects on social life, but "absolute changes are minimal" (Pull, Charles B, Pull CB. Binge eating disorder. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2004;17:43–48.)
4. Microbiome modulation in developing metabolic dysfunction in obesity - SOME small-scale animal studies suggest that IF helps modulate the Firmicutes:Bacteroides ratio, which is the golden ratio for healthy microbiome in your gut.
5. Inflammation/other health concerns- "A 60-hour fast in healthy males was associated with elevated IMCL, increased insulin resistance, and a nine-fold elevation in FFA [83]. Prolonged elevations in FFA, combined with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance, contribute to increasing hepatic IMCL and lipotoxicity, which leads to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis". I believe this is an extreme and these test subjects were involved wiith long term IF that bordered the body entering the starvation state "inhibited BCAA catabolism, glucose oxidation, glucogenesis in the kidneys, and actually an increase in IMCL.
My personal conclusion from the fucking YEARS of dieting and reading/research I've personally done and been a part of is that there is no clinical conclusion that can be drawn as of now to recommend or not recommend IF. If you want to do it, be smart about it and know your body. Understand that your body has a circadian rhythm that will cycle you into a starvation mode if you mess with it too much. Also understand that muscle catabolism is something that happens early on in IF and it isnt optimal for muscular conservation.
Here's a solid analysis of several studies..
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13679-018-0308-9