From urban dicionary...
buy marijuana overdose mugs, tshirts and magnetsA once-popular misconception held by anti-marijuana advocates, perpetuated by drug dealers and gangsters lacing selling-marijuana with other, more harmful drugs to induce physical addiction in their buyers.
Technically an impossibility, as marijuana does not cause fatal, or even considerable damage in the short term (not counting injuries sustained while under the influence).
Commonly used as an often-misinterperated metaphorical arugment that if you have taken enough of a drug to have gone completely out of your gord, you've taken a "dose" more of it than you should have.
High-Strung Joe- "Stop smokin' that, dude! You're going to have a marijuana overdose, dude! It happened to Crazy Collin after he bought from that toothless dude we found in the sewer! Willie? WILLIE!?"