Two Types of Crypto Taxes: Capital Gain vs. Income
As mentioned earlier, cryptocurrencies are taxable and in the United States, and there are two types:
Capital Gains Tax, similar to bonds, stocks, and other assets that qualify for capital gains.
Income Tax includes mining, staking, airdrops, and other related crypto activities from where one can earn income.
In the case of capital gains, the rates depend on the holding period and are classified as:
Short-term capital gains tax, taxes on assets that are held for less than a year. The rates are usually higher and range from 10% to 37%.
Long-term capital gains tax, taxes on assets that are held for a period longer than a year. The rates for long-term capital gains range from 0% to 20%.
Sale price of assets - Cost of acquiring assets = Short-term gains
Sale price = $1,500
Cost of acquiring assets = $500
$1,500 (sale price) - $500 (cost of acquiring) = $1,000 (gains)
This gain of $1,000 is a short-term gain as the assets were sold within a period of 11 months.
Annual income = $55,000, and the short-term capital gains tax rate for this income is 25%.
So, tax owed = 25% * Capital gains = 0.25 * $1,000 = $250
Another example is your annual income is $35,000 and you bought $500 of BTC on August 1, 2020. If you sell it at $1,500 on August 2, 2021, you incurred a long-term capital gain of $1,000. According to the rates tabulated above, you’ll have to pay 0% taxes. Thus, no federal taxes will apply.
Sale price of assets - Cost of acquiring assets = Long-term gains
The sale price = $1,500
The cost of acquiring assets = $500
$1,500 (sale price) - $500 (cost of acquiring) = $1,000 (gains)
This gain of $1,000 is a long-term gain as the assets are sold after a period of 1 year.
Annual income = $35,000, and the long-term capital gains tax rate for this income is 0%.
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