Short answer from someone who has a warframe account from January 2013: don't waste your time playing that game.
Long answer: For a new player, highly recommend Orthos for melee, Grakata/Karak for primary until you can get Soma, do NOT ruin your game experience by getting a Boltor Prime too early, and for secondaries, highly recommend Kunai; was my go-to secondary for a while.
At top tier you're going to be looking at something like the Vaykor Marelok or Brakk or Synoid Gammacor, etc. But don't worry about that. My first maxxed secondary was AkLato, but then again, back then, it was actually the best secondary in the game. Imagine that. Uh, if you don't like throwing knives, Magnus is actually good. Akmagnus is even better. Twin vipers can be fun, but pretty useless in the long-run. Lex is interesting, and works as a good counter with an automatic primary, having a secondary to snipe with. Twin Grakata is king, but I don't think you can get it yet. Despair if it drops for you is good.
Actually I just checked. Twin Grakata has no mastery rank. It's insanely good, but also very stupid, so you shouldn't get used to weapons like that. Akbolto or Akvasto are more reasonable goals for a lower mastery rank. AkVasto is really good, by the way. Afuris and Kraken are "okay" too. Bronco is something I made earlier on, but it really is pretty useless unless you have AkBronco Prime. Even then, it's been nerfed to shit.
If by "that stupid bow" you mean the Mk-1 Paris, please replace it as soon as possible. Like I said, Karak, Grakata, Braton, Sobek, Hek, anything. Anything else. Even the regular Paris.