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Copy-paste genetics
Usually, the sequence of an individual's gene is inherited from their parents, but in some circumstances, part of a gene sequence can be copied between different genes on the same DNA molecule—this is known as non-allelic gene conversion. This process has been linked to the evolution of important gene families, including those involved in the functioning of the human immune system.
One of this study's key discoveries is that gene conversion takes place between the P. falciparum DBLMSP and DBLMSP2 genes and results in increased genetic diversity within the surface proteins of the parasite. Since these proteins are exposed to, and interact with our immune system, they are potential vaccine targets, and a fuller understanding of their genetic diversity could be very valuable for vaccine design.
"The discovery of 'copy-paste' genetics within malaria's DNA reveals the impact of an underestimated evolutionary mechanism," said Brice Letcher, Postdoctoral Researcher at the Laboratory for Biology and Modeling of the Cell (LBMC, France) and former Ph.D. student at EMBL-EBI.
https://phys.org/news/2024-03-malaria-parasite-generates-genetic-diversity.html