i would recommend bus also - same price but faster and more comfortable than czech trains... but i guess you dont care as i remember polish trains

as i know a programmer salary is about 20k - 30k czk per month, even more depends on experience ...
knedliky = dumplings (english meaning for dupmlings is something different but it is usualy translated like this)
unfortunately i am not from brno as well, but you can choose accommodation you like depends on your need and budget (cheap hostels -> ***** hotels)
beer > all but better drink vine in Moravia (or beers from Bohemia)

and save your fg