1a) The angles are the same : 4x - 2 = 47, then solve for x (remember when you divide by 4, your solution is modulo 360/4 = 90° )
1b) The sum of the 2 is a flat angle (180°) : 3x + 5x = 180° and solve for x (same remark as above).
1c) The length of the sides are the same : 3x - 5 = x + 10, solve for x.
Let us know how it goes for these first 3, so we can give further help according to your needs.