1)
x² - 5x - 24 = ( x - 8 ).( x + 3 )
hence, your fraction simplify as : x + 3, as soon as x is not 8.
Now you can study limit, as x tends to 8, while x < 8, of x + 3 : the limit (to the left) is 11,
and similarly, the limit to the right ( x > 8 ) is 11 as well.
You can conclude that the limit exists, and is 11.
2)
N(4) - N(3) = 20 - 55 = -35
N'(p) = - 10p
N'(3) = -30
N'(4) = -40
3)
f(x) = 8.( 5x² + 9 )^0.5
f '(x) = 8*0.5*10x / ( 5x² + 9 )^0.5
f '(x) = 40x / ( 5x² + 9)^0.5
4)
for every x non-zero :
f '(x) = - (8/9) * x ^ (8/9 - 1)
f '(x) = - (8/9) * x ^ (-1/9)
f ''(x) = - (8/9) * (-1/9) * x (-1/9 - 1)
f ''(x) = (8/81) * x ^ (-10/9)
f ''(x) doesn't exist, indeed ; and you got right as well for f ''(1) and f ''(-1).
5)
f '(x) = 9x² - 6x - 3 = 3(3x² - 2x - 1) = 3( x - 1 ).(3x + 1 )
Since f is defined over [-1;0], since -1/3 is the only root of f '(x) in that interval :
f meets its maximal value at -1/3,
and to know the minimum value of f, you'll have to compare f(-1) and f(0) : f(-1) = 4 and f(0) = 7.