26.
never used the word "centroid" cause not native english, but...that point P divides each of the lines going through it in 2:1. so 2*PM = BP
2*(2*x + 5) = 7*x + 4
4*x + 10 = 7*x + 4
3*x = 6
x = 2
PM = 2*x + 5 = 9
8.
center of that circle is created by lines which divide the angles of the triangle on half, so basically AD = AE, BE = BF and CD = CF. so
AC = AD + DC = AE + CF = 12 + 15 = 27
no idea why they gave AB too

first question i cant help cause no idea about the words