IV Breeding - became so much easier with the destiny knot and everstone. wasy to get 5-6 IV and Nature on your Pokemon
EV Training - starting from XY they actually allow you to see your pokemon's individual EVs with a hexagon, which you can clear off entirely or add certain EVs with punching bags
---They also introduced Horde Battles and they give you +1 EV in a certain Stat Each, so with one horde battle you are able to obtain at least 5EVs in that Stat
they also have items that boost those EVs, giving your lead pokemon a Macho Brace will Boost the EV from 5=>25 and you can have a pokemon hold a Power Item (Power Band/Belt/Bracer)
and that Pokemon will get 50EVs per Horde Battle.
In Omega Ruby and Alpha Sapphire they brought back Berries that decrease EVs for Friendship, helpful if you want to remove EVs you dont need on your pokemon.
As far as Competitive, there is a website or battle simulator called Pokemon Showdown, where you can play for free and plays by Smogon's rules. You might of heard of Ubers, OU, UU, RU, NU
those are just some tiers.
Sun and Moon are Coming out on Nov 18, Demo for it is Oct 18.