Start using Alteration, Restoration, Conjuration, and Illusion. Those are all "mage". A very overlooked thing for people who want to be a mage type, is the restoration "ward" spells. Can be awesome against dragons, as well as ranged characters. Also could look into that perk in the alteration tree that makes your spells like "ebonyflesh" give you extra armor if you aren't wearing any physical armor(just robes).