So much theory for a simple fact.
One thing is right do youre zana missions. Its a source for maps. You can buy them but i rather spend more currency with zana then message hundreds of people.
Just complete the atlas and juice youre maps. Completed maps will give you eventually +2 maps above the tier you are in.
The inner regions are easiest to complete after that the outer regions. Just get youre completed map count up.
On tier 1-5 use alchemy orbs.
On tier 6-10 alchemy and vaal orbs (chisel if you have enough of them)
On tier 11+ alchemy, vaal and chisels.
Use sextants whenever you can or any other material to juice maps.
This game is heavenly dependent on what you invest. Invest nothing and you will get nothing. Invest a lot ... well should be obvious

Wow a lot of theory as well. Just play the game