1) the dev should be using some sort of logging library, either log4j or similar. set the logging to TRACE or equivalent and it'll help you match what's being called in what order. personally, most of my methods start with a DEBUG and end with a trace. eg:
Code
public void onLoad(int someParam){
log.debug("onLoad start someParam=" + someParam);
// do a bunch of stuff
log.trace("onLoad end");
}
and my logger is set to print out the class name and timestamp of the log. i'm sure there are ways to automate the logging, maybe using Aspect oriented programming, but it's what i've always done.
2) if you see any strings in the UI (titles, buttons, labels, etc) you can search for them
3) the UI code should be in a separate package from other code.
4) ask another developer for help, preferably the one who wrote the code
5) once you get past the learning curve, it should be a lot simpler.
6) if you still feel out of your league after your summer term is up, you might want another job