Quote (Goomshill @ 27 Apr 2023 06:00)
"Conservative" is a political philosophy
"Left/right" are political affiliations
The two are not synonyms or interchangeable. Someone can hold philosophical ideals and yet throw their lot in with political representation that holds opposing ideals. For example, many muslim americans hold very regressive, conservative ideologies. Ilhan Omar's own family tried to pray-away-the-gay from her brother, the community as a whole believes is very socially conservative and insular and xenophobic and so on, and yet they're 99% aligned with the 'left' in America. Likewise, "conservative" libertarians who believe in a non-interventionalist small government that stays out of their social issues can vote for authoritarian corporatist warhawk republicans.
So the differences shouldn't be hard to identify in most scenarios. Someone can be liberal or conservative, they can be left or right, and there are examples for each permutation.
We have to further distinguish between "left/right" as categories describing a person or party's relative positon on political issues, and actual political affiliation in the sense of partisanship. In a highly polarized two-party system like in the US, where ideological sorting is almost perfect, this is a moot point. It does, however, make a big difference in places with a multiparty system.
For example, in Germany (where we have six major parties), the Greens are the 2nd most leftist party on social issues, but also the 2nd most hawkish party on foreign policy. Their ideology is best described as "authoritarian progressivism" and their policies tend to disproportionately hurt the poor and working class. Thus, no 'left' or 'right' label accurately captures where they stand in our political system.