I don't think he actually unscrewed the heatsink, just the fan right?

That kinda looks like a LiteOn optical drive.

Why don't you take a pic of the entire insides of the comp, with a good light source...and we can label the things for you.

That's a PSU. First hint is the part number, it starts with PS. Second hint, it has voltage to wattage regulations posted all over the sticker. Third hint, it's clearly above the mobo, meaning it's coming out of the back side of the case; why would an optical drive come out of the back side of the case???

But liteon is a cheap chinese/japanese/tiwainese company, deffs not going to be high quality material.

All this debating, and you're just trying to play simple games. Here's what I'd do, on the cheap and it would set you up with a nice little cheap pc that'll play your games.

Pick up a Cooler Master Hyper 212 EVO CPU cooler and some arctic 5 so solve cpu cooling issues.

Pick up a cheap, reputable 500w+ power supply.

Throw another 8 gigs of ram in there.

Pick up a 1050ti.

You are likely using V-sync in game, which will cap you at 60 fps which is completely fine. Your monitor only supports 60 fps anyway, and going over that can actually cause issues. If you want to go over 60 fps, you'll need to get a higher end monitor. Be prepared to drop a decent penny on this if you choose this route. Otherwise, 60 fps is fine, the key is holding steady at that 60 fps mark for smooth game play.

Literally doubling the input lag. Please no.