As broad strokes I would recommend being capable of using:
- Java collections and generics
- JUnit and a mocking framework of your choice (EasyMock, PowerMock, Mockito)
- Spring for plain old dependency injection
- Spring Rest (can be replaced by other restful libraries if you prefer)
- Spring Data
- Spring Boot
- ORM such as Hibernate
Other useful things to learn would be:
- Version control (most likely Git)
- Build automation (Jenkins, Bamboo, others)
- Design patterns and how to use them
- OAuth2 and/or Spring Security
- Some form of reliable messaging (JMS, AMQP, other)
That's quite a lot to learn realistically and so long as you can cover some of the basics (collections, generics, basic OO and unit testing) that should be enough to get you started on a career. The more you know, the more hireable/valuable you will be.